What are the signs of Depression?

A person may be depressed for a variety of different reasons including: a life event (death of loved one, divorce), substance abuse, a situation in life (being in an unhappy marriage), a feeling of depression without any noticeable starting point, a medical condition or any combination of the above.

The symptoms of depression include any of the following symptoms: feeling sad for most of day, decrease in pleasurable pursuits, weight gain/weight loss, fatigue, feeling guilty or worthless, isolating, sleep difficulties, difficulties concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death. Any single one of these symptoms could bring a person to see their doctor or.

Diagnosing depression may not seem as easy as one would think. A person may be depressed but not necessarily identify their symptoms as being the cause. Some one may see a doctor for sleep difficulties, but upon further questioning might have other symptoms of depression. A thorough exam should uncover other symptoms that would lead to a diagnosis of depression. If any of the aforementioned symptoms persist for a while or impact your life, you should seek out help. If you are seeking out help from your doctor, it is important for both patient and doctor to discuss other symptoms or events that are occurring in a person's life as opposed to just looking at the initial symptoms.

Mark Myers expert answer to: What are the best ways to support and help a significant other who suffers from depression?

Mark Myers expert answer: Feeling sad or blue is a typical human emotion. However individuals that are struggling with depression could find even the simplest of tasks tremendously challenging .It is difficult to see a loved one impacted by this illness.Depression could be devastating not only for the person going through it but for family members as well.   click here for more

What is the most distinctive difference between depression and bi-polar? Moreover, how does anxiety play a role in both?

Answer by Mark Myers:

Depression, bi-polar,and anxiety or three different diagnosis's that could all be treated differently. There are varying types of depression but for most part  symptoms include: feeling depressed most of day, decrease of enjoyable pursuits, increase or decrease of appetite, fatigue, difficulties concentrating, feeling worthless, and/or suicidal thought. A person who is depressed does not have to feel all of these to have a diagnosis of depression. The specific type of Depression Diagnosis would depend on how many symptoms the person identifies with and severity of symptoms.
Bi-Polar includes the a fore mentioned depression symptoms as well as Manic symptoms. These would include: elevated or irritable moods, involvement activities that have a high potential for injury or consequences, increase in goal directed activities, distractability, flight of ideas, talkative or feeling pressured to talk, inflated self esteem, and decreased need for sleep. Again, there are varying diagnosis's a person could have with bi-polar, and that as well would depend on severity of symptoms. So, bi-polar you have both the depressive symptoms and the manic symptoms.
Anxiety disorders have different categories that a person could be diagnosed with. These include: restlessness, difficulty concentrating, irritability, sleep disturbance, worrying, muscle tension, and in some cases, panic feelings. It is easy to see how some symptoms could overlap. Some individuals have both anxiety and depression. It may be difficult to decipher if a person is anxious because they have been depressed or the opposite. In addition the diagnosis of bi-polar is a possibility as well. To further complicate things, if a person is going the medication route, at times, by just addressing the depressive symptoms puts that individual at risk for a manic attack.
Determining an accurate diagnosis is not always easy. The person diagnosing is dependent on the reporting of the patient. One evaluator may come up with a different diagnosis than another. The person reporting, may under report their symptoms, or misrepresent them. An accurate diagnosis may take some time to determine. Often times, it is helpful to get family members in to offer input with the evaluation.

View Answer on Quora

Mark Myers Expert Answer to: Why do I hate myself and how do I stop?

 Why do I hate myself and how do I stop?Why you hate yourself is not important as to what to do about it. Often times, individuals find themselves in a bad spot. How they got could be influenced by genetics, life events, childhood upbringing, and/or current relationships(family, friends,work). Rather then focusing on the why's, invest your energies into changing thoughts and behaviors that are allowing you to struggle   click here for more

Mark Myers Expert Answer to:I'm extremely depressed and angry about being unemployed for some time. How do I go on without having a mental breakdown?

In today's economy, I am sure you are not alone. There are many people who share your plight. The fear you face is understandable. Individuals could experience the following feelings: worry, unproductive, boredom, self defeated, and pessimistic, to name a few emotions. It is important that you take steps to try to take control over areas of your life that you can. Click for more

Mark Myers expert answer to: I keep punishing myself, always doing the opposite of what I should. How can I quit doing this?

Mark Myers expert answer to: Depression: I keep punishing myself, always doing the opposite of what I should. How can I quit doing this? There is a self defeating cycle you have gotten yourself into. When you do not accomplish tasks that you like to, you beat yourself up. The more you beat yourself up the less confident you more

Mark Myers Expert Answer to:I'm extremely depressed and angry about being unemployed for some time. How do I go on without having a mental breakdown?

In today's economy, I am sure you are not alone. There are many people who share your plight. The fear you face is understandable. Individuals could experience the following feelings: worry, unproductive, boredom, self defeated, and pessimistic, to name a few emotions. It is important that you take steps to try to take control over areas of your life that you can. Click for more

Mark Myers expert answer to: How do you cope when your moods are flipping from severe anxiety to deep depression? (I am taking meds already.)

It would be helpful to find out a little more the symptoms you are presenting. The type of mood swings and frequency MAY indicate a different diagnosis. The mood swings themselves must be a difficult challenge,let alone the symptoms. I would first recommend click for more 

Mark Myers Expert Answer to:What sort of hacks can I use to snap out of depression?

What sort of hacks can I use to snap out of depression? I've been diagnosed with depression, but don't want to take medication.

Depending on the severity, the length of time it has been going on, and the impact it is having on your life, there are different ways someone can address feeling depressed. The first step is learning more about your depression. Try to determine patterns to your depression. Is it more intense during certain times of the day, talking with certain people, or thinking certain thoughts? Are some days better than other days? Is it more intense during certain times of the year? How long does it last when you are depressed? Keeping a journal would be one way to help determine patterns.

This information gathering is going to be helpful. If you feel depressed more during Winter time(for most people in general this is common to some degree), this may suggest a possibility of Seasonal Affective Disorder. Interventions could include increasing activities, buying a light therapy lamp, or increasing excercise routine.

While gathering information you may also see a pattern to how you think. Are you looking at situations pessimistically? Are you feeling lonely? Are you feeling depressed because of certain relationships or lack there of? How are you sleeping and does lack of sleep impact on your emotions? If you see a point of origin to your depression, you can implement a plan of action to address this.

Some strategies could include: increase/include exercise, vitamins, increase social networks, hypnosis, volunteer, join support group, involve yourself in religious activities or organisations, or changing your way of thinking. Medication does not have to be involved, but in some cases it is necessary. Talk therapy could also be introduced. A therapist could help you in planning out a course of action.

Is childhood abuse behind tough-to-treat depression?

(CBS) Why do some depressed people never seem to get better? A provocative new study suggests it may come down to the amount of mistreatment they experienced as kids.

A new study suggests adults who were abused as children are twice as likely to develop lasting bouts of depression as their counterparts who did not experience childhood mistreatment. And scientists say that can seriously impact their treatment and recovery.

For the study - published in the August 14 issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry - researchers reviewed 26 studies on 23,000 people where they saw the increased likelihood of recurrent depression among adults who were abused as kids. The researchers say previous studies show mistreated children and adults have more "biological abnormalities" in the brain, endocrine and immune system, which could alter treatment.

"Childhood maltreatment is associated both with an increased risk of developing recurrent and persistent episodes of depression, and with an increased risk of responding poorly to treatment," study author Dr. Andrea Danese, professor of child and adolescent psychiatry at King's College London, said in a written statement. The researchers found antidepressant medication, psychological treatment, or combinations of the two were less effective in those who suffered childhood abuse.

Danese told Reuters that knowing a formerly abused patient won't respond to treatment may "be valuable for clinicians in determining patients' prognosis."

What treatments would work then? The authors themselves aren't sure. Study co-author Dr. Rudolf Uher, a professor of psychiatry at Kings College told Reuters treatments may focus on the "biological vulnerabilities associated with childhood maltreatment." The hope is future treatments would be given preventively at an earlier age to be more effective long term.

An estimated one in 10 American adults are depressed, but the disease goes beyond feeling down in the dumps. It can adversely affect other conditions such as arthritis, asthma, cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and obesity. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2020, depression will be the second-leading contributor to the world's global disease burden.

Danese said in a written statement, "Identifying those at risk of multiple and long-lasting depressive episodes is crucial from a public health perspective."

Depression linked to stroke, vitamin D may help both

By David Liu, Ph.D.

Saturday, Aug 13, 2011 (foodconsumer.org) -- Being chronically depressed may be a sign of higher risk of stroke, according to a study in Stroke: Journal of the American Heart

Association.

The study led by Kathryn Rexrode, M.D.at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston, Mass found women who had a history of depression was at 29 percent higher risk of total stroke.

The study also found women who used anti-depressant medications particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were associated with a 39 percent increased risk of stroke. Anti-depressant drugs included Prozac, Celexa and Zoloft.

But the researchers speculated that it is not the medications that cause a higher risk of stroke. Instead use of the drugs only indicates that depression in the patients was more severe.

The study involved in 80,574 women ages 54 to 79 years in the Nurses' Health Study. Participants had no history of stroke at baseline. During the six-year follow-up, prevalence of depression at baseline was 22 percent in the participants and 1,033 strokes were identified.

Depressed women were often those who were single, smoking, and less physically active, according to the study. They were also more likely to have a higher body mass index, and diseases like heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure, compared to women without a history depression.

A healthy observer said the study suggests what increases the risk of depression may also increase the risk of stroke and vitamin D can be the missing link between the two.

One study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found men who had intake of 600 IU or more of vitamin D per day were 28 percent less likely to suffer stroke and heart attack, compared with those who had an intake of only 100 IU or less per day. In women, the risk reduction was 16 percent.

The study was conduced by Qi Sun of the Harvard School of public Health in Boston MA.

Another study published in 2008 in the journal Circulation linked low serum vitamin D levels with 60 percent higher risk for heart attack, stroke and heart failure, compared with those who had high levels of vitamin D.

Dr. Thomas Wang of Harvard Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts and colleagues who conducted the study also reported that the association was even stronger among those with high blood pressure.

For the study, Wang et al. followed up 1,739 people at an average age of 59 in the Framingham Heart Study for five years.

Now low serum vitamin D is also associated with high risk of depression.

Nanri A and colleagues from International Medical center of Japan in Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan reported on Aug 19, 2009 in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition that people who had highest levels of vitamin D were 49 percent less likely to feel depressed.

In winter, high levels of vitamin D were found associated with lower risk of depression, particularly severe depression.

Many other studies also suggest that vitamin D can be the cause for depression.

Mark Myers Expert Answer to:What could a 30-year-old do to potentially improve their quality of life further down the line?

My question to you is what is driving you now to ask that question now? This would take some self reflection on how happy are you now? Sometimes, people look too much in what they don't have and not what they have.  click for more

Developing Your Arsenal Against Your Automatic Negative Thoughts

1.    Identify dysfunctional beliefs.

2.    Cultivate cognitive counter attacks against dysfunctional beliefs.

3.    List active alternate behaviors.

4.    Learn to predict situations that trigger unhelpful beliefs.

5.    Plan for stress and distress.  It is a normal part of life.

6.    Avoid old behaviors that don’t work, e.g. compulsive eating, whining,
    avoiding, procrastinating, etc.

7.    Expect to have to use outside aid and to take time to learn new
    behaviors.

Mark Myers expert answer to: How is Bipolar different from Depression?

Bipolar disorder or manic depressive disorder is a disorder that causes a shift in moods.  These shifts in moods are more significant than the average person may feel on a day to day basis.   The mood shifts for someone who is bi polar are more significant and intense and most of the times create problems in a person’s life. 

The symptoms usually appear in the late teens or early adulthood, although it is not unusual for a child or older adult to be diagnosed with this disorder.  Approximately half of the cases are diagnosed prior to age 25.

The symptoms would include mood shifts of mania and depression.  The manic symptoms would include: irritability; extreme energy; behaving impulsively and taking part in a lot of pleasurable high-risk behaviors, such as, spending sprees, impulsive sex, and impulsive business investment; racing thoughts, lack of sleep, agitation, and in some cases psychotic features such as delusions or hallucinations.  The depressive side include: sadness; guilt; anger; isolation; or hopelessness; disturbances in sleep and appetite; fatigue and loss of interest in usually enjoyable activities; problems concentrating; loneliness, self-loathing, apathy or indifference; loss of interest in sexual activity; lack of motivation; and suicidal ideation.

The key difference is someone with a diagnosis of depression will not experience the mood swings or manic phase. Sometimes the manic phase may not be easily diagnosed or seen.  A person with a bipolar disorder may under report these symptoms or they may not be clearly identified. Furthermore, a person suffering from a bi polar disorder may not quickly want to address these symptoms.  There are some symptoms in the manic phase that they find enjoyable or even productive.  They may not see a concern about addressing them as significant others may.  Lastly, if the wrong medication is prescribed this could exacerbate the symptoms which could lead to a psychotic episode.

The recommended course of treatment would be seeing a psychiatrist for medication management as well as a therapist for talk therapy.  Family involvement is also helpful.  Educating family about signs and symptoms as well as offering support for them is an important part of the therapy.

Mark Myers expert answer to: What are the signs of Depression?

A person may be depressed for a variety of different reasons including: a life event (death of loved one, divorce), substance abuse, a situation in life (being in an unhappy marriage), a feeling of depression without any noticeable starting point, a medical condition or any combination of the above.

The symptoms of depression include any of the following symptoms: feeling sad for most of day, decrease in pleasurable pursuits, weight gain/weight loss, fatigue, feeling guilty or worthless, isolating, sleep difficulties, difficulties concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of death. Any single one of these symptoms could bring a person to see their doctor or.

Diagnosing depression may not seem as easy as one would think. A person may be depressed but not necessarily identify their symptoms as being the cause. Some one may see a doctor for sleep difficulties, but upon further questioning might have other symptoms of depression. A thorough exam should uncover other symptoms that would lead to a diagnosis of depression. If any of the aforementioned symptoms persist for a while or impact your life, you should seek out help. If you are seeking out help from your doctor, it is important for both patient and doctor to discuss other symptoms or events that are occurring in a person's life as opposed to just looking at the initial symptoms.